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Russian Australians are Australian citizens of Russian descent. The first Russian citizen known to have become a permanent resident of Australia was John Potocki. According to Potocki's own account, recorded by Captain Mikhail Lazarev in 1820, he had served in the Russian Army during the reign of Catherine the Great. In England he was arrested and sentenced to hard labour in Van Diemen's Land (later renamed Tasmania). He landed in Hobart on 18 February 1804. In 1810 Potocki was released by British authorities and settled in Hobart permanently. By 1820 there were four Russian-speaking families of former convicts in Hobart.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Russian convicts in Australia )〕 == Early naval contact == In 1807 the sloop ''Neva'' sailed to Port Jackson, under the command of Captain lieutenant Ludwig von Hagemeister, where it loaded provisions on its way to Russian America. As this was the first Russian vessel to travel to the Australian mainland,〔Tikhmenev, P. A. ''A History of the Russia-American Company.'' ed. Richard A. Pierce and Alton S. Donnelly. Seattle: University of Washington Press. 1978, p. 185.〕 this is occasionally considered the start of relations between Australian colonies and Russia.〔Mikhail Protopopov ''Russians in Australia'' Vestnik January/February 2007 〕 Contacts continued in 1820 when the Russian ships ''Vostok'' (meaning 'East'), and the ''Mirny'' (Peaceful), under the command of captains Mikhail Lazarev and Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, visited Port Jackson. The sought provisions and repairs on several occasions during an expedition to explore Antarctica that Tsar Alexander I had promoted. Until the middle of the 19th century, only a few dozen Russians, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Latvians, Finns and other émigrés from the Russian empire were resident in Australia, which was still a part of the British Empire. Russian ships visited Australia throughout the 19th century and a number of Russian seamen absconded from their ships to settle permanently in Australia. Religious sects, including the Mennonites and Doukhobors, made plans to send up to 40,000 settlers to Australia and New Guinea but after much debate in the Russian press, and 2,000 applications to emigrate, this mass emigration did not materialise. The Russian Imperial Navy corvette ''Bogatyr'' made a friendly visit to Melbourne and Sydney in 1863. Information from Polish deserters pointed to Russian plans to attack Australia in support of the Union cause. (See Australia and the American Civil War: Imperial Russian Navy)〔(THE RUSSIAN CORVETTE "BOGATYR" IN MELBOURNE AND SYDNEY IN 1863 )〕 In 1882 three Russian Navy ships – the ''Africa'', ''Vestnik'' (Herald or Messenger) and ''Plastun'' – made port in Melbourne, sparking renewed fears in the press of a Russian invasion. A brief mobilisation of defence forces ensued before the lack of aggressive intent was made clear. In 1885 concerned British colonists thought a Russian invasion was again imminent and built Bare Island Fort to protect "Sydney's back door" in Botany Bay 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russians in Australia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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